Restoring lake systems for wildlife in Bhutan’s Jomotsangkha Wildlife Sanctuary

Jomotsangkha Wildlife Sanctuary (JWS) is a biologically rich protected area that supports endangered species such as Bengal tiger and Asian elephant, while also being home to over 450 households whose livelihoods primarily depend on climate-sensitive natural resources. Increasing habitat degradation and the drying of water sources have emerged as major challenges for communities and wildlife, affecting both conservation outcomes and community well-being.

To address water scarcity, habitat degradation, and ecosystem resilience to climate variability, 8.8 hectares of interconnected lakes will be restored, called the Seven Sister Lakes in Pemathang sub-district. In Langchenphu sub-district, Borla Lake, a site of high ecological and spiritual significance that was breached decades ago, is also being restored. The lakes will be de-silted, dredged, and invasive plant species will be removed, improving the clarity of the water. In the past, the Seven Sister Lakes, which are primarily rain-fed, experienced low water levels during dry winter months. To address seasonal water scarcity, 6 kilometers of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) piping—known for its structural integrity and reliable performance under diverse environmental conditions—will be installed to channel water from an existing perennial stream to the first of the Seven Sister Lakes, which feeds into the remaining lakes.

To revive the ecological and cultural function of Borla Lake, the breach will be repaired with a concrete wall reinforced with steel. These materials were chosen for their strength, durability, and resistance to water pressure, moisture, and pests. The wall is designed to blend in with the natural landscape, reducing its impact on biodiversity. After completion of the wall and overgrowth cleared, a local fisherman will be hired to restock the lake with native fish species that were once abundant before the breach.

The habitats around the Seven Sister Lakes and Borla Lake will also be restored with native vegetation, improving wildlife movement and foraging. Restoring these lakes will support a variety of species, including tigers, Asian elephants, guar, leopards, sambar deer, wild pigs, wild dogs, Himalayan crested porcupines, macaques, civets, and around 175 species of birds. The presence of these species will be documented using camera traps, routine patrols, and eDNA sampling.