The emergence of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and conserving, sustainably managing and enhancing forest carbon stocks (collectively referred to as REDD+) has generated great interest as a possible means of increasing support for the forest stewardship activities of indigenous peoples and local communities. If done well, REDD+ initiatives could contribute to strengthening community land and resource rights, empowering community-based management and diversifying livelihoods through participation in REDD+ activities.