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  1. Publications
  2. African Elephant
  • KAZA Policy Brief on Elephant Movements and Connectivity Brochure

    KAZA Policy Brief on Elephant Movements and Connectivity (pdf, 6.76 MB)

    October 23, 2023

    The KAZA Policy Brief on Elephant Movements and Connectivity in the KAZA TFCA provides an overview of the current data and knowledge regarding elephant movements and connectivity in KAZA. It provides recommendations for securing and maintaining corridors at different scales to ensure persistence of landscape connectivity for elephants and other migratory wildlife. It will also work towards the objectives and vision of KAZA’s Strategic Planning Framework for the Conservation and Management of Elephants in the KAZA TFCA, to secure KAZA as a focal landscape for elephants and other wildlife for the benefit of rural communities and society at large.

    more info
  • KAZA Elephant Survey Volume I: Results and Technical Report Brochure

    KAZA Elephant Survey Volume I: Results and Technical Report (pdf, 109 MB)

    October 23, 2023
    more info
  • KAZA Elephant Survey Fact Sheet 2022 Brochure

    KAZA Elephant Survey Fact Sheet 2022 (pdf, 23.3 MB)

    October 23, 2023

    The KAZA Elephant Survey 2022 Fact Sheet provides an outline of high-level findings from the survey along with the rationale for the work, including the need for a synchronized and coordinated approach and an outline of the survey techniques employed.

    more info
  • Elephant Ivory Initiative Brochure

    Elephant Ivory Initiative (pdf, 15.2 MB)

    November 17, 2022

    WWF’s Network-wide Ivory Initiative came to an end in June 2022, after more than 4 years of successful work, focused on demand reduction and policy advocacy to shut down Asia’s elephant ivory markets.

    more info
  • Demand Under the Ban: China Ivory Consumption Research 2020 Brochure

    Demand Under the Ban: China Ivory Consumption Research 2020 (pdf, 13 MB)

    April 12, 2021

    In late 2020, WWF commissioned GlobeScan to conduct research to build upon previous consumer analysis to generate up-to-date insights about ivory consumption and consumer perceptions toward the ivory ban after its implementation (Dec. 31, 2017). This study follows previous research conducted by GlobeScan in 2017, 2018, and 2019 on both the pre-and post-domestic ivory ban in Mainland China.

    more info
  • Demand Under the Ban: China Ivory Consumption Research 2019 Brochure

    Demand Under the Ban: China Ivory Consumption Research 2019 (pdf, 22.9 MB)

    September 25, 2019

    WWF has conducted the largest consumer survey about ivory trade in China—2,000 people in 15 cities—for three consecutive years with GlobeScan, providing the best available assessment measuring changes in attitudes, purchasing and ban awareness over time.

    more info
  • China’s Ivory Market after the Ivory Trade Ban in 2018 from TRAFFIC   Brochure

    China’s Ivory Market after the Ivory Trade Ban in 2018 from TRAFFIC (pdf, 2.63 MB)

    September 27, 2018

    This report provides the first analysis of trends in supply and demand for elephant ivory products in China’s markets since the new legislative changes. 

    more info
  • Factsheet: Demand under the Ban – China Ivory Consumption Research  Brochure

    Factsheet: Demand under the Ban – China Ivory Consumption Research (pdf, 249 KB)

    December 12, 2017

    A summary  of the largest-ever ivory consumer survey, which identifies target consumer groups, products and drivers of elephant ivory consumption that need to be addressed as a priority to ensure that China’s recent ivory ban is effective.  

    more info
  • Demand Under the Ban: China Ivory Consumption Research (2017) Brochure

    Demand Under the Ban: China Ivory Consumption Research (2017) (pdf, 7.47 MB)

    December 11, 2017

    This report presents the results from an extensive and comprehensive research study conducted among consumers in
    Mainland China between June to November 2017 on the topic of reducing demand for ivory.

    more info
  • New study finds China’s ivory market may be shrinking ahead of incoming domestic ivory ban (pdf, 3.93 MB)

    August 12, 2017

    Following China’s announcement late last year of a domestic ivory trade ban by the end of 2017, TRAFFIC and WWF surveys have found that the number of ivory items offered for sale—in both legal and illegal ivory markets in China—has declined alongside falling ivory prices.

    more info
  • The True Cost of Power: The facts and risks of building Stiegler's Gorge Hydropower Dam in Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania (pdf, 3.39 MB)

    July 04, 2017
    more info
  • Elephant poaching costs African economies US $25 million per year in lost tourism revenue – study Brochure

    Elephant poaching costs African economies US $25 million per year in lost tourism revenue – study (pdf, 830 KB)

    November 01, 2016

    The current elephant poaching crisis costs African countries around $25 million annually in lost tourism revenue, according to a new study published in the journal Nature Communications. Comparing this lost revenue with the cost of halting declines in elephant populations due to poaching, the study determines that investment in elephant conservation is economically favorable across the majority of African elephants’ range.

    more info
  • A Ban on Commercial Elephant Ivory Trade in China: A Feasibility Study Briefing Brochure

    A Ban on Commercial Elephant Ivory Trade in China: A Feasibility Study Briefing (pdf, 5.54 MB)

    September 02, 2016

    WWF and TRAFFIC believe that an elephant ivory trade ban in China is feasible and could be effective in contributing to a reduction in current threats to African elephants. Such an ambitious and achievable act could garner positive exposure for China's responsible action on a critical wildlife conservation issue and become a positive influence on other countries' efforts to tackle the illicit elephant ivory trade. 

    more info
  • WWF Position on African Elephant Issues at CITES CoP17 Brochure

    WWF Position on African Elephant Issues at CITES CoP17 (pdf, 52.2 KB)

    August 31, 2016

    Since CoP16, international momentum has been building against wildlife crime, with a raft of global declarations and commitments to tackle poaching and wildlife trafficking. This report outlines WWF's stance on African elephant issues at CoP17. 

    more info
  • Ranger Perceptions: Africa Brochure

    Ranger Perceptions: Africa (pdf, 972 KB)

    May 23, 2016

    This Ranger Perceptions: Africa survey is the second in the series of report that aim to shed light on wildlife ranger working conditions. The intent of this survey -- like the previous one on Asia's rangers and the upcoming one on rangers in Latin America -- is to provide a snapshot of rangers' personal views of their working conditions, and so gain a deeper insight into the factors that affect their motivation.

    more info
  • The Hard Truth: a report on how Hong Kong's ivory trade is fueling the African elephant poaching crisis Brochure

    The Hard Truth: a report on how Hong Kong's ivory trade is fueling the African elephant poaching crisis (pdf, 1.7 MB)

    September 07, 2015

    A new report by WWF-Hong Kong reveals seven fundamental weaknesses in the regulation of Hong Kong's legal ivory market, which facilitate illegal activities such as the smuggling of ivory from poached elephants in Africa and the laundering of illegal ivory with the city’s legal ivory stock.

    more info
  • African Elephant: WWF Wildlife and Climate Change Series Brochure

    African Elephant: WWF Wildlife and Climate Change Series (pdf, 2.24 MB)

    October 15, 2014

    African elephants need up to 300 liters of water a day, just for drinking. Changing rainfall patterns in Africa and increased water scarcity pose a serious threat. Explore this and other traits which make African elephants vulnerable to climate change, as well as recommended climate-adaptive management strategies.

    more info
  • Polishing Off the Ivory: Surveys of Thailand's Elephant Ivory Market (pdf, 859 KB)

    July 02, 2014

    Monthly monitoring of Bangkok’s domestic ivory market by TRAFFIC reveals a near trebling of the number of elephant ivory items for sale in the past 18 months and a steep rise in the number of outlets selling ivory in Thailand's capital city.

    more info
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